Recent years have witnessed the rapid growth of China’s imports and exports of manufactures, as well as critical changes in its terms of trade. This study compares trends in China’s price indices for exports and imports between 1993 and 2000. It also examines the terms of trade for China’s...

Using the "revealed competitive advantage indices" for exports and imports, the paper is devoted to the analyses of the vulnerability of selected developing countries if China´s competitive position is improved due to its entry to WTO. In contrast to the existing literature which concentrates...

After the crises in emerging market economies beginning with that of Mexico in the mid-1990s, the adoption of internationally recognized standards and codes (S&C) of financial best practices came to be seen as a way to strengthen the international financial system. The S&C initiative was...

Analysis of public debt in developing countries has traditionally focused on external debt. However, in recent years, several developing countries adopted aggressive policies aimed at retiring public external debt and substituting it with domestically issued debt. This paper discusses...

In this paper we take a look at the empirical relationship between the level of financial development and socio-economic variables reflecting different levels of development in the light of the recent literature on the role of human capital in economic development. The empirical results, based...

This paper has three objectives. It discusses the main developments and new issues that have arisen after the Monterrey Conference. It critically reviews the Monterrey Consensus on external debt. It provides a set of recommendations for reviewing the implementation of the Monterrey Consensus, to...

This paper attempts to examine: (i) the factors responsible for this revival and surge in capital flows into developing countries; (ii) the qualitative changes in financial integration that are accompanying this surge; and (iii) the impact that this surge is having on financial volatility and...

The climate policy debate has advanced from science to economics, with a growing focus on creating carbon markets and getting the prices right. This is necessary but far from sufficient for an effective and equitable response to the climate challenge. While market-oriented forces such as the IMF...

The current economic crisis, more than previous ones this past decade, has called into question the whole neo-liberal approach to financial management, including the approach the neo-liberal approach to central banking. Central banks focused on commodity inflation miss asset bubbles and credit...

As the world experiences its worst financial crisis since the 1930s, policymakers are increasingly calling for a “Bretton Woods II”. To claim the mantle of the 1944 conference, officials will need to be more creative about global financial reform than they have been so far in the three areas...