This paper extends the firm heterogeneity model of Melitz (2003) by introducing a new concept of endegenous investments in process R&D. The novelty is that if a firm invests more R&D its expected innovation return hazard rate stochastically dominates the return of less R&D investments. Due to...

This paper shows that electoral incentives deter politicians from supporting trade liberalization. We focus on all major trade liberalization bills introduced since the early 1970s in the U.S. Congress, in which House and Senate members serve respectively two- and six-year terms and one third of...

Agriculture is a very specific sector of production and therefore requires a state intervention, which, however, has several negative effects, which tends to take action to liberalize agricultural trade. An important role in limiting intervention in the agri-food sector played by the Uruguay...

The following sections are included:IntroductionRecent Trends and DevelopmentsRegulations, Reforms, and Applied RestrictionsIndia's Commitments to the World Trade Organization, and Free and Regional Trade AgreementsStrengths, Weaknesses, and Policy ImplicationsSummary and ConclusionReferences

The following sections are included:IntroductionBackground and Recent Developments in Tertiary Education in JapanRestrictions on Education Services Trade and International Services CommitmentsDomestic Regulations and Accreditation PolicyRecent ReformsPolicy ImplicationsConclusionReferences

The following sections are included:IntroductionTrade in Audiovisual ServicesPolicy and Regulatory EnvironmentCopyrightConclusionsReferences

The following sections are included:IntroductionBackground and Recent DevelopmentsThe Regulatory Regime and Recent ReformsFuture ProspectsConclusionsReferences

The following sections are included:IntroductionOverview of the Development of the Singaporean Education SectorGlobal Schoolhouse: Education Sector as an Engine of Economic GrowthThe General Agreement on Trade in Services and International Trade in Higher Education...

The following sections are included:IntroductionBackground of Tertiary Education in MalaysiaMalaysia's Trade Commitments and Regulatory Regime for the Tertiary SectorImplications for Malaysia as a Regional Education HubConclusion and Policy Implications for Other Developing CountriesAppendix...

The following sections are included:IntroductionMarket DevelopmentRegulatory RegimeConclusionsReferences