This study explores whether taking into account variables for real earnings management improves specification of the default prediction model based on the Z-score methodology for Chinese listed companies. We demonstrate that the Z-score model proposed by Altman (1968) overestimates the survival...

This study examines the extent to which incorporating current-period and/or cumulative real activities earnings management in default models enhances their predictability. Aiming at Altman's (1968) Z-score as well as Ohlson's (1980) O-score predictors, such adjustments help mitigate the...

Traditionally, the relationship between a firm's performance and its business strategy is studied using structured data taken from proxy statements and financial reports. However, there have been increasing efforts to explore the linkages between corporate outcomes and unstructured information,...