We empirically investigate why issuers solicit and pay for multiple ratings not only at issuance but also during the monitoring phase of a debt instrument. Using a unique record of monthly credit rating migration data from Standard & Poor's, Moody's, and Fitch on all U.S. residential...

This paper studies the impact of credit rating agency (CRA) downgrade announcements on the value of the Euro and the yields of French, Italian, German and Spanish long-term sovereign bonds during the culmination of the Eurozone debt crisis in 2011-2012. The employed GARCH models show that CRA...

I study a model of market-liquidity provision by levered intermediaries that, besides operating trading desks, run deposit-taking franchises. Levered intermediaries’ heightened incentive to absorb risk helps to counteract liquidity-provision frictions that, in an unlevered economy, would lead...

Bond markets in emerging markets are illiquid as investors and issuers grapple with major microstructure and legal issues. The importance of bond markets as a source of finance has increased during the economic slowdown as companies diversified away from reliance on banks for funding and many...

The admission by the Greek government on October 18, 2009, of large-scale accounting fraud in its national accounts sparked an unprecedented sovereign debt crisis that rapidly spread to the Eurozone’s weakest member states. As the crisis increasingly drove a wedge between a seemingly resilient...

In the 1990s, companies collected billions in premiums from peculiarly structured put options written on their own stock while almost all of these puts expired worthless. Buyers of these options, primarily �nancial intermediaries, lost money as a result. Although these losses might seem...

The purpose of this paper is to understand how the current financial landscape shaped by the crises and new regulations impacts Investment Banking’s business model. We will focus on quantitative implications, i.e. valuation, modeling and pricing issues, as well as qualitative implications,...

This paper examines the long run performance of French IPOs carried out between 1991 and 2005. By using various methodologies, we find that IPOs in our sample performed negatively relative to comparison portfolios over the 1991-2005 horizon, unlike prior studies applied to French market. This...

Attempt has been made to design and develop a complete adoptive Multi Agent System pertaining to merchant brokering stage of Customer Buying Behaviour Model with the intent of appropriate framework. Intelligent agents are autonomous entity which observe and act upon an environment. In general,...

The main aim of this article is to present the influence of investment funds on the economic growth in Romania between 2007 and 2010. Unfortunately some of the main findings of the paper are: insignificant share of investment funds in GDP, low correlation between inflation rate and the net...