In this paper we investigate hedging a stock portfolio with stock index futures. Instead of defining the hedge ratio as the minimum variance hedge ratio, we consider several measures of downside risk: the semivariance according to Markowitz [ 19591 and the various lower partial moments according...

This paper addresses the issue of technogenesis and investigates in an exploratory way whether local factors are important for innovativeness of firms. Particular attention is given to the knowledge base of cities. The paper aims also to model effects of relevant local factors on innovativeness...

Meta-analysis offers an analytical framework for research synthesis based on a comparative study of research findings undertaken by different researchers. In this paper, we investigate the possibilities of applying meta-analysis to transport policy impact studies in environmental-economics. The...

I find that large firms have a higher rate of job turnover in which internal mobility of workers is involved. These firms are able to reduce turnover costs, by making use of their ability to attain a higher internal mobility rate.

Much of the debate over the spatial setting of innovation has now resulted in the recognition of the region as a principle framework for knowledge creation and use. Little attention has been given to knowledge activities in the region from an integrated point of view, and to policy approaches...