We derive general properties of two-factor models of the term structure of interest rates and, in particular, the process for futures prices and rates. Then, as a special case, we derive a no-arbitrage model of the term structure in which any two futures rates act as factors. In this model, the...

We build a no-arbitrage model of the term structure of interest rates using two stochastic factors, the short-term interest rate and the premium of the futures rate over the short-term interest rate. The model provides an extension of the lognormal interest rate model of Black and Karasinski...

The pricing kernel, or the state-price density, which relates future cash flows to today's price, is the fundamental building block of modern asset pricing theory. In abstract, the state-price density process can be regarded as a positive supermartingale, or, under some regularity conditions, a...

We discuss the pros of adopting government-issued digital currencies as well as a supranational digital iCurrency. One such pro is to get rid of paper money (and coinage), a ubiquitous medium for spreading germs, as highlighted by the recent coronavirus outbreak. We set forth three policy...

This paper examines the behaviour of foreign exchange reserves, when a government defends an exchange rate target zone using Minimal Marginal Intervention. Reserve depletion defending a single exchange rate barrier is first modelled as the maximum or minimum value of the path of an unregulated...

This paper provides a short introduction to the topic of target zone exchange rate option pricing. Models covered include: Black-Scholes equation with derivation, European Call on a stock option, Garman-Kohlhagen model for an option on a free-floating exchange rate, Dumas Jennergren and Naslund...

This paper focuses on the joint dynamics of yield spreads derived from government bonds issued by member states of the European Monetary Union (EMU). A descriptive analysis shows that there are substantial and volatile spreads between zero coupon yields of EMU member countries and German Bund...

This paper contains both a theoretical and empirical analysis of the components of interest rate swap spreads defined as the difference between the fixed swap rate and the riskfree rate of equal maturity. The components are determined by expected LIBOR spreads, default risk, and market...

The Market Models of the term structure of interest rates, in which forward LIBOR or forward swap rates are modelled to be lognormal under the forward probability measure of the corresponding maturity, are extended to a multicurrency setting. If lognormal dynamics are assumed for forward LIBOR...

An important step in the Financial Benchmarks Reform was taken on 13th September 2018, when the ECB Working Group on Euro Risk-Free Rates recommended the Euro Short-Term Rate €STR as the new benchmark rate for the euro area, to replace the Euro OverNight Index Average (EONIA) which will be...