In the context of economic management, with final targets for money GDP, wealth and the foreign exchange reserves, the exchange rate can be treated as an intermediate target. Monetary policy is used to keep the exchange rate close to its target and the target itself adjusts in response to...

The National Institute had planned a seminar to mark the launch of Christopher Dow's new book Major Recessions. The seminar had to be cancelled, because Christopher Dow died a few days before it was due to be held. As some kind of substitute, the CLARE Group decided to publish this review...

Leading indicators are produced by both the OECD and the UK Office of National Statistics as tools for predicting turning points of the business cycle. An assessment on the basis of performance at turning points is frustrated by their scarcity. It is found that the indicators generally have...

This paper considers methods to measure output and productivity in the delivery of health services, with an application to NHS hospital sector. It first develops a theoretical framework for measuring quality adjusted outputs and then considers how this might be implemented given available data....