In the cold sunny winter days, when the south wall is well insulated, a significant amount of solar energy falling on this facade is not transferred to the inside. In this study, a novel closed wall-loop system is proposed to capture this wasted energy available during non-cloudy winter days and...

This paper shows a new numerical model of earth-to-air heat exchanger. The system is discretized into "n" sections perpendicular to the exchanger pipe. In each section, the problem of conduction is solved using response factors method in order to reduce computational time. Each response factor...

Since naturally ventilated buildings respond to site conditions and microclimate, we cannot establish a "one set of criteria" for every naturally ventilated building. So natural ventilation should be optimized to deal with thermal comfort in passive buildings during summer. A survey of existing...