Comprising specially commissioned essays, the Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of alternative theories of economic growth. It surveys major sub-fields (including classical, Kaleckian, evolutionary, and Kaldorian growth theories) and highlights cutting-edge issues such as the...

Growth is endogenous in small open economies with substantial hidden or open unemployment, even under constant returns to scale. Growth promoting policies, however, have implications for the balance of trade, and two instruments are needed in order to achieve targets for both the growth rate and...

This paper analyzes the interaction between financial and real variables in different time frames and monetary regimes. Firms finance investment through retained earnings, new issues, or bank loans, and households' desired portfolio of financial assets is related to current income flows. The...