‘Closed loop’ end-of-life strategies such as remanufacturing must be applied to create eco-efficient products. Remanufacturing may be a key element in reducing the environmental impact of products, but this remains to be proved. The aim of this study is to help designers evaluate the...

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) applied to estimate the <i>cradle-to-grave</i> environmental impact of agricultural products or processes. Furthermore, including in the analysis an economic evaluation, from the perspective of an integrated life...