The current crisis engulfing the multilateral trading system has crystalized in the dispute over the (re-)appointment of the members of the World Trade Organization’s Appellate Body. While the legislative arm of the organization has never lived up to its potential, its dispute settlement arm...

This paper examines political party mobilization on European Union issues during national election campaigns. We consider which actors talk about the EU, specifically which parties and which actors within parties, as well as how these actors talk about the EU, specifically the types of EU issues...

Domestic regulatory decisions involving matters of human health or the environment are increasingly coming under scrutiny by international courts and tribunals. One of the latest examples concerns an Australian law that mandates the plain packaging of cigarettes and which is being challenged in...

This entry in the Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Procedural Law, titled Panel: Dispute Settlement System of the World Trade Organization (WTO), comprehensively covers all aspects of dispute settlement before WTO panels, as well as panel proceedings within the overall WTO dispute...

The 2020 Defence Strategic Update recognises that Australia’s interests are corroded where states evade the rules-based order to carry out subversive ‘grey-zone’ activities in pursuit of interests contrary to Australia’s. Weaponised Trade is a grey zone activity of particular concern for...

This chapter in the forthcoming Elgar Encyclopedia of International Economic Law examines the following topics with respect to Australia: trade; investment; financial regulation; and artificial intelligence. Further information about Australia – including the legislative process, the relationship...

The international trade regime was a sea of tranquillity for a long time. It was the domain of trade economists and trade lawyers, tucked away at the World Trade Organization (WTO) on the shores of Lake Geneva. The trade regime as it has developed is being undermined by the twin forces of...

In the future, a growing number of combat operations will be carried out by autonomous weapon systems (AWS). At the operational level, AWS would not rely on direct human input. Taking humans out of the loop will raise questions of the compatibility of AWS with the fundamental requirements of...

This paper develops a method for identifying and assessing long-term supply risks for mineral raw materials. The method is based on a combined evaluation of past and future supply and demand trends. By analysing raw material boom and bust cycles over the past 50 years, we have quantified...