As economies transition from centrally planned to market systems, they often undergo the same processes as do developing countries. Previously inefficient industries, like coal mining, usually shrink in size. Such industries are generally not able to restructure on their own because of the large...

The development of a model of the World Refining for the POLES model aims to represent the oil product's supply at a world-wide level in a global energy model. The World oil refining industry faces to several challenges such as the increasing oil derivatives demand in the transport sector, the...