This article analyzes the taxation of the liquid fuels used in light duty vehicles in Brazil (gasoline blended with anhydrous ethanol, known as gasohol, and hydrated ethanol). Ethanol’s success in Brazil is largely explained by government incentives to producers and consumers. This has created...

Over this decade unconventional gas has acquired increasing importance due to new techniques that have enabled its large-scale commercial exploration, particularly in the USA. Other countries are evaluating their potential for shale gas exploration. Forecasts point out that the unconventional...

Biofuels' potential supply is uncertain. This uncertainty involves not only the possibility of expanding bio-energetic cultures in the medium term but also the risk of supply disruptions in the short term. These supply disruptions may be mainly caused by climatic conditions, soil management,...

This study evaluates scenarios for the oil production in Peru applying a Hubbert model. Two scenarios for the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) were proposed: the first, in which low investments in E&P and social and environmental barriers undermine the development of oil resources beyond the...