We recall the historical changes that have taken place in the power markets worldwide and that have led to a partial or full opening for competition. Afterwards we discuss power market structure with special emphasis on differences between financial or other commodity markets on one hand and the...

Despite the huge uncertainties related to the possibility of a quick development of nuclear fusion technologies - being disputed that it may come too late to effectively contribute to emission mitigation - research is focusing on a wide set of options for fusion reactors. This paper presents a...

Modeling tools and technologies that will allow reaching decarbonization goals in the most cost-effective way are imperative for the transition to a climate-friendly energy system. This includes models which are able to optimize the design of energy systems with a large number of spatially...

Energy efficiency in industrial boiler steam systems can be very low due to old technologies, improper design and non-optimal operation of the steam systems. Solutions include efficiency assessments and investments in steam system optimizations, education and training for operators of the...

It is common in quasi-steady-state models of renewable power systems to use a 1 h time step despite the variability of the load and renewable sources within the hour. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of this level of temporal resolution for a model that includes variable...