The island of La Palma (Spain), dubbed La Isla Bonita for its beauty, is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in the Atlantic Ocean. The island’s authorities are aiming for energy self-sufficiency based on wave energy and other renewables. In this research its wave resource is investigated using a...

The offshore and inshore wave energy resource in Asturias (N Spain) is studied using wave buoy data and a hindcast dataset spanning 44 years (1958–2001). Offshore average wave power and annual wave energy values are found to exceed 30 kW/m and 250 MWh/m, respectively, at 7 of the 11 study...

Heat extraction mode, e.g. well layout or arrangement of wells, of enhanced or engineered geothermal system (EGS) is crucial to its performance and directly affects its commercial viability. Assuming the subsurface target hot dry rock (HDR) has been well-fractured and the created heat reservoir...

Without support, the levels of agricultural public goods will fall short of the demand in high cost countries like Norway, Finland and Iceland. However, as demonstrated in this paper using Norway as a case, the current support and agricultural activity is far out of proportions from a public...

Gazprom, the dominant gas company in Russia, is widely believed to be the key supplier of gas to Europe in the foreseeable future. However, there are numerous uncertainties and challenges within the Russian and European gas industry that may alter the allocation of Gazprom´s gas sales between...

Reduced transportation costs are usually associated with lower import prices, increased trade and price convergence. In this paper we show that the lower costs can actually lead to higher import prices in some regions, and price divergence between import regions. Using both a general theoretical...

The regional natural gas markets are expected to gradually become more integrated. The major driving forces are lower LNG costs, more spot trade, and increased need for imports into the US and other key markets. In this paper we examine various scenarios for a future global gas market,...

This article evaluates the recent protectionist US trade policy and the retaliation of the EU and China. The article employs a New Quantitative Trade Theory model and an Armington model for comparison. The simulation results show that US car tariffs are a credible threat to the EU, but the steel...

This paper introduces strategic behavior of the electricity network operator in a congested network with imperfect competition for generation. It models a two stage Stackelberg game. First, the network operator sets transmission prices, then generators set output and sales. Several scenarios for...

Abstract: This paper derives the socially optimal transmission prices in a congested electricity network when there is imperfect competition in generation, and when the budget constraint of the network operator is binding. The results which we derive are a generalization of the standard Ramsey...