This paper investigates the impact of official language policies on education using state formation in India. Colonial provinces consisted of some districts where the official language matched the district's language and some where it did not. Linguistically mismatched districts have 18.0% lower...

In the 1970s, the Park Chung Hee government launched the Saemaul Undong (New Village) Movement to address the widening urban-rural income gap. This is often interpreted as a politically-motivated project due to the fact that promoting the SU movement requires a political system capable of...

The tourism industry and creative economy in Cirebon can not be separated from the historical aspect of the city's growth and development as silk lines in the spread of Islam, trade, and acculturation is very smooth so that the ethnic diversification becomes a major part in tourist activities....

This paper provides robust evidence on feedback effects of violent conflicts on firm growth. It uses South Asian firm level data that contain rare employment information on countries that experience severe conflicts. We show that firm growth exists in conflict areas. Yet, there are fewer...

Problem statement: Most Arab countries currently experience urban population growth at high rates, whereby over half the population lives in towns and cities, a trend which, in some cases, reaches more than 90%. Urbanization in the Arab world has been fuelled by high fertility rates, substantial...

In a 2017 UNU-WIDER project, 'Forced migration and inequality', one of us collaborated on a comparison of Afghan and Vietnamese refugee resettlement across four Western countries. In the light of the Taliban return to power in August 2021, we revisit the contributions of the Journal of Ethnic...

Combining a model of three-person game and a comparative narrative, this article explores the endogenous nature of institutional resilience versus transition. The three-person game is played by a ruler, a challenger, and an opportunist who chooses a strategic position between the former two...

This paper adds to the contribution by existing scholarly works about divergence in institutional evolution and its impact on economic and industrial upgrading in Shenzhen and Dongguan. The two cities, located in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, have long been known as both ‘workshop of the...

E-governance is very important for introducing greater effectiveness and efficiency in government operations and in government to citizen dealings. However, introduction of e-governance is not an easy task. It is not just introduction of technology, but it also involves human aspects. This...

Research on voluntary compliance with accepted international standards has paid overwhelming attention to financial reporting standards, but not to investment performance standards. Previous research on the adoption of the Global Investment Performance Standards has overlooked the unique region...