ecological quality utilizing the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) methodological approach. Our empirical analysis is based on … the validity of the EKC theory. More importantly, the outcomes of the indirect channels demonstrate that financial …

Rising industrialization, urbanization, and the vast economic size of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa … tries to test EKC in the BRICS area and analyzes the dynamic linkages between nuclear energy, urbanization, the service … cointegration tests. The EKC represents an inverted U-shaped quadratic relationship identified between environmental pollution and …

(EKC) hypothesis is central to the development plans and formulation of climate change policy.However, the evidence on EKC … and ignoring updated estimation methods. This study reinvestigates the EKC by exploiting the lager panel data set … for long run estimates. The findings of different estimators validate aninverted U-shaped EKC for UICs while U-shaped EKC …

debt accumulation in a bivariate relationship. The paper employs the OLS and GLS as baseline models using panel data … covering the period from 1980 to 2021. The study uses as alternative techniques the FE, FE-IV, and the GMM for robustness …

effects in the intercept using LSDV, GLS,MLE, IV and GMM is presented, as well as binary choice models. A short review on …

) models. Using the GMM interpretation of the usual OLS and GLS/FGLS estimation of regression coefficients in SUR models, we … OLS and GLS/FGLS estimators of the whole coefficient vector (see for example, Dwivedi and Srivastava, 1978) to the … asymptotic equivalence of the OLS and GLS/FGLS estimators of a subset of the coefficient vector. …