Energy, just like labor and capital, is universally acknowledged to be the fundamental production factor and strategic resource of an industrial society. China's sustained rapid economic growth has resulted in its ever-growing energy import dependency, especially oil. Meanwhile, world energy...

Due to complicated climatic and geographic conditions, China remains severely vulnerable to frequent, wide-scale natural disasters. We analyzed the impact of natural disasters on human security, agriculture safety and economic security over the past 30 years. The results reveal the high...

To curb CO2 emissions, the Chinese government has announced ambitious goals to reduce the CO2 intensity of GDP, and the total target has been allocated to all Chinese provinces during the twelfth “Five-year Plan” period (2011–2015). Although setting the target allocation plan is an...