This study presents a newly designed endwall equipped with novel-type vortex generators (NVGs) in a 180 degree sharp-turn channel for heat exchange devices. Two types of NVGs with different heights are applied in this study, i.e., V-type and arc-type forms. The NVGs are arranged parallel and...

Explaining the secular stagnation of productivity growth is a widely recognized challenge to economists and policymakers. One potentially important explanation without much attention concerns the ongoing low-carbon transition. This paper explores whether considering greenhouse gas emissions can...

This study investigates the least-cost decarbonization pathways in the Finnish electricity generation industry in order to achieve the national carbon neutrality goal by 2035. Various abatement measures, such as downscaling production, capital investment, increasing labor and intermediate inputs...