The paper describes the development of household consumption expenditures from a longer perspective. Currently, there are available data for more than forty years and it means that lots of information about changes in structure and main tendencies can be studied. Since the emphasis is put on the...

The main aim of this article is the application of selected methods of difference analysis to the chosen profit indicator of Return on Equity (ROE). First, the importance of the ROE indicator is described in the paper and then, also, the possible methods of pyramidal decomposition in...

The Underground Economy is a „shadow” of the real economy, endowed with elastic properties: it can be large, small (although not null) based on the specifics of a country, its leaders, economic and legal policies. In relation to the real economy, which is monitored by authorities, the...

As the European banking sector is becoming increasingly intertwined, the degree of interdependence is also rising. Consequently, it is key to conduct comparisons for a timely identification of emerging patterns of this development. Furthermore, the product range of banks has expanded so that...

In [4], the authors introduced a Markov copula model of portfolio credit risk. This model solves the top-down versus bottom-up puzzle in achieving efficient joint calibration to single-name CDS and to multi-name CDO tranches data. In [4], we studied a general model, that allows for stochastic...

Background: The renewal function is widely useful in the areas of reliability, maintenance and spare components inventory planning. Its calculation relies on the type of the probability density function of component failure times which can be, regarding the region of the component lifetime,...

In real life, we often encounter markets monopolistic competition. The main characteristic of the market of monopolistic competition is product differentiation. In this paper, we propose to consider Hotelling's "linear city model"

The authors examine the dependence of the tax burden of economic agents on the elasticity of supply and demand. The role of the mathematical model of the coefficient of elasticity in the study of economic processes

The authors consider a method for searching the extremes of the production function using the tools of analytic geometry

The article deals the mathematical model of elasticity ratio of demand and supply functions as well as the application of formalized mathematical models in tax policy