In this article, William G. Dewald, the retiring Research director at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, focuses on the longer-term monetary relationships in historical data. He uses charts of 10-year average growth rates in the M2 monetary aggregate, nominal GDP, real GDP, and inflation to...

Inflation magnifies the distorting effects of taxation when the tax treatment of interest income and expense is not fully indexed to inflation. The distortion involves a real interest tax wedge which is the difference between the real before tax interest rate that influences fully taxed...