We study the implications of vertical integration in logistics and transport operations for welfare-optimal port access charges and hinterland congestion tolls. We show that, first, vertical integration of terminal operators and transport firms does not affect the optimal congestion toll rule...

In this paper, we take a political economy approach to study the introduction of urban congestion tolls, using a simple majority voting model. Making users pay for external congestion costs is for an economist an obvious reform, but successful introductions of externality pricing in transport...

Industrial experiments often involve factors which are hard to change or costly to manipulate and thus make it impossible to use a complete randomization. In such cases, the split-plot design structure is a cost-efficient alternative that reduces the number of independent settings of the...

In many industrial experiments, complete randomization of the runs is impossible as, often, they involve factors whose levels are hard or costly to change. In such cases, the split-plot design is a cost-efficient alternative that reduces the number of independent settings of the hard-to-change...

Intermittent power sources enable firms to reduce costs by horizontally subcontracting generation. Dispatchable units serve as a strategic device, even when never used, since their availability credibly limits the price paid for subcontracting. Security of supply measures motivated by too low...