Does armed conflict reduce trade, even in noncombat areas, through the destruction of inter-group social capital? We … analyze Ukrainian trade transactions before and after the 2014 Russia-Ukraine conflict. In a difference … social effects, conflict can be economically damaging, even away from combat areas …

devastating but localized conflict. Using unique transaction-level data on Ukrainian railway shipments, we uncover several novel … indirect effects of conflict on firms. First, we document substantial propagation effects on interfirm trade --- trade declines … even between partners outside the conflict areas if one of them had traded with those areas before the start of the war …

investigate whether the total number of suicide attacks per violent conflict or the annual number of suicide attacks per country …