religion between groups. The resulting distance-adjusted ethno-linguistic fractionalization index (DELF) is based on highly … heterogeneity on economic outcomes. The results confirm the generally found growth-reducing effect of ethnic heterogeneity but also … shows that this does not hold true for ethnic diversity in more developed countries. As regards the cultural distance …

that adoption of broadband internet makes trade patterns more sensitive to distance and economic size. Going from no … broadband availability to full coverage increases the magnitude of the elasticity of trade with respect to distance by 0.12, and … the elasticity of trade with respect to destination size by 0.06. For distance, this means that an increase in internet …

prices increase tradeÕs elasticity to distance, but that the economic effect is small. We also find that the effect is more … ChinaÕs Customs Statistics, we examine the impact of oil prices on tradeÕs sensitivity to distance. We find that higher oil …

We decompose the effect of distance on intercity retail price dispersion in US into transport and non-transport cost … components. We find that distance contains more information than transport costs. Care should be taken in interpreting distance …

estimates of the border effect for continental Europe using road rather than great circle – or “as-crows-fly” – distance. Road … information on travel time, we are able to consider costs related to time in addition to those depending on distance. We find that … for the same great circle distance and the same city size, the road distance between two cities located in the same …