This paper examines the interrelations between self-employment and unemployment rates for Spain in the period 1972 … Stel and Thurik (2005) to Spain. The divergence between predicted and actual unemployment levels in Spain are explained by … industrial structure is characterized by a relatively high and fluctuating unemployment level and a relatively high and stable …

of urbanization is associated with higher economic growth, lower level of poverty and higher extent of inequality in …The main objective of this paper is to analyze the recent past trends and patterns of urbanization, urban economic … growth, and urban equity measured by urban poverty and inequality in India. In addition, it reviews the different urban …

from a regional perspective, and relates it to the urbanization rates and the urban concentration. Using the case of the …

population growth. But whereas Africa's path of urbanization without growth presents problems like unemployment, congestion, and …, such as Asia and Africa. The pattern in developing Asia is characterized by fast growth and slow urbanization, primarily as … appears to be increasingly vulnerable to rising inequality and jobless growth patterns. Africa presents a divergent pattern of …

In recent years under the trendof a global recession andd omestic structural change, the unemployment rate in Taiwan … has reacheda recordhigh of above 5% which in turn has generateda series of social problems. Unemployment has now become … unemployment rate among 23 cities andprefectures; moreover, this differentiation seems to persist over time. We analyze this …

Rapid urbanization is a fact of live even in the least developed countries (LDCs) where the lion’s share of the … consequences -- in particular, the policy implications -- of the ongoing urbanization in the African LDCs. It is found that the … emerging trends and patterns of urbanization in the African LDCs within a dynamic dual-dual framework with a strong emphasis on …