market risk levels are too great. Hazard warnings policies often can address informational failures. Some market failures may … be exacerbated by government policies, particularly those embodying conservative risk assessment practices. Labor market … estimates of the value of statistical life provide a useful reference point for the efficient risk tradeoffs for government …

is implemented. While policy discussion to date has focused on equitable outcomes, we propose framing risk equity … policies in terms of equitable risk tradeoff rates based on six policy guidelines. The starting point for ex ante evaluation of … equity for mortality risk policies should be the symmetric application of the value of a statistical life (VSL) to all groups …