This working paper presents a review of the main criticisms to positive accounting theory (henceforth, PAT). Three levels of criticisms are distinguished: (1) on epistemology, (2) on the valitidy of the theoritical framework and (3) about the methods to test empirical predictions....

The methods of cost accounting and calculation of production costs, including standard-cost, direct-costing, re-distribution and customized ones, their advantages and disadvantages have been analyzed. The proposals on the implementation of methods of cost accounting and production cost...

Even though various support initiatives for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have been introduced in recent times, there are also many limiting characteristics of SMEs, such as a lack of 'formality' in terms of accounting procedures. The introduction of International Financial Reporting...

Creative accounting has emerged and developed thanks to the managers’ wish to present a certain financial image of an entity in terms of the financial statements. Even if creative accounting distorts the financial image of an entity, it differs fundamentally from fraud in that it complies...

Accounting as a branch of economic science and research is not in the center of attention of economists, whether they are focused macroeconomic or Business Administration (microeconomic). Whoever, it is necessary to underline the crucial importance of accounting for the formation of a number of...

Accounting as a branch of economic science and research is not in the center of attention of economists, whether they are focused macroeconomic or Business Administration (microeconomic). Whoever, it is necessary to underline the crucial importance of accounting for the formation of a number of...

In Europe, accounting standards prevent larger expenditures on employer-sponsored training from being treated as investments. Using Sweden as example, we discuss two consequences for training. First, the timing: training will be conducted when income is large enough for training costs to be...

Studying Poland’s economic situation is a challenge for specialists, since it is the country with the best performance among the former communist countries of Eastern Europe. The aim of this article is to examine the variables that have a key role in defining the Polish accounting model in...

This paper makes a comparative study of accounting methods and treatments regarding the establishment of revenues and evaluation of fixed assets and investment securities reported in four countries: Romania, France, Great Britain and USA.

The current process of accounting globalization is based mainly on the concept of just value. This concept has been the source of vivid debates with regards to its meaning in contemporary accountancy, both in theory and in practice. The increased importan