surveys offer the advantage of providing timelier insight into economic activity prior to the official monthly employment and … a new survey in their toolkits: To complement our Manufacturing Business Outlook Survey — the nation’s oldest regional … manufacturing survey — the Philadelphia Fed has introduced a survey of nonmanufacturing firms in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and …

the racial pay gaps, but none of the gender pay gaps. Random effects models test for race and gender differences in the … attainment would reduce racial pay gaps, whereas equalizing wage returns to education would reduce gender pay disparities …. Moreover, black women's earnings are multiply disadvantaged, both by their lower attainment relative to white women, and their …

The labor market is the main channel through which economic growth affects poverty. This paper is the first empirical … economic turmoil in 1992-1995. Despite the catastrophic fall in GDP employment contracted only marginally. This flexibility has … been achieved mainly through the informalization of employment, and through the reallocation of labor towards small …

earnings in Germany and Japan since the early-1970s. The analysis is prompted by trade studies identifying manufacturing …This paper provides an empirical analysis of the effects of foreign trade expansion on men and women's employment and … represented. Evidence is found that foreign trade expansion had a more adverse effect on women's than men's manufacturing …

The labor market is the main channel through which economic growth affects poverty. This paper is the first empirical … economic turmoil in 1992-1995. Despite the catastrophic fall in GDP employment contracted only marginally. This flexibility has … been achieved mainly through the informalization of employment, and through the reallocation of labor towards small …

for earnings mobility and growth; for the majority, however, self-employment remains constrained to low …The labor market is the main channel through which economic growth affects poverty. This paper is the first empirical … economic turmoil in 1992-1995. Despite the catastrophic fall in GDP employment contracted only marginally. This flexibility has …