Trastuzumab (TR), a monoclonal antibody approved by EMA in 2000 and one of the first examples of “targeted therapy”, is indicated to treat human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer. TR, whose patent will expire in 2015 in Europe, has been judged positively for...

The debate about future climate policy involves the question about the contribution of agriculture in meeting overall greenhouse gas mitigation targets. From an economic perspective, this calls for assessing and equalizing marginal mitigation costs across different sectors. To this end, we...

Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are a major source of individual patient level data (IPD) on the clinical outcomes, costs and other measures of health consequences associated with alternative healthcare interventions. These data are typically used to establish the ‘value for...

Theoretical approaches to the assessment of natural resources have been substantiated. Existing approaches to the determination of the economic assessment methods have been generalized. The need to develop a common methodological approach to social, environmental and economic assessment of the...

Nach dem Verbot der konventionellen Käfighaltung in Deutschland stellte sich die Frage nach der Wirtschaftlichkeit von artgerechten alternativen Haltungssystemen. Über die Kleingruppenhaltung, welche relativ neu ist und wieder zur Debatte steht, liegen kaum praxisnahe Informationen vor. Diese...

With the interstate system substantially complete, the majority of new investment in highways is likely to take the form of selective capacity expansion projects in urban areas, along with incremental expansions and upgrades to expressway or freeway standards of existing intercity highway...

Setting: In 2007, WHO recommended introducing rapid Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture in the diagnostic algorithm of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Objective: To assess the cost-effectiveness of the introduction of rapid non-commercial culture method (Thin Layer Agar)...

Distributional cost-effectiveness analysis (DCEA) is a framework for incorporating health inequality concerns into the economic evaluation of health sector interventions. In this tutorial we describe the technical details of how to conduct DCEA, using an illustrative example comparing...

The Expected Value of Information Framework has been proposed as a method for identifying when health care technologies should be reimbursed and when reimbursement should be withheld awaiting more evidence. The standard framework assesses the value of having additional evidence available to...

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