What are the specific characteristics of innovation in pharmaceutical biotechnology? How do biopharmaceutical innovation systems in OECD countries perform and which policies are suitable to foster performance?. This publication examines the innovation system in pharmaceutical biotechnology in...

Introduction -- The oil industry : main features and characteristics -- Conceptual terminology -- Structure, methodology and sources -- The late-tsarist oil industry, 1861-1917 -- Late-tsarist economy overview -- Late-tsarist oil industry overview -- Role of the state -- Foreign participation --...

Joint procurement is an important tool that is currently under-exploited at European Union level. It can greatly enhance the effectiveness of public spending in Europe, achieving greater coherence between spending across different countries, exploiting monopsony power, producing economies of...