Contagion phenomena are a real challenge for economists and economic theory, and in the same time they induce important policy issues at national and international level. Despite significant progress has been made in recent years, there is still no consensus on their definition. This paper aims...

This paper exposes an evaluation of the bilateral exchange rate developments of the US dollar against the euro, the Japanese yen and the Chinese yuan/renminbi and surveys the nominal and real effective exchange rates trends of such currencies over the period 1994-2012. It also briefly reviews...

This paper focuses on the lending arrangements of the IMF in EU countries during crisis period. First, we reviewed the literature regarding IMF-supported programs in times of crisis. On the other hand, we provided a description of the IMF arrangements in EU countries in 2008-2013. We found that...