neighbourliness, stability and security. …

National borders reduce trade, but most estimates of the border effect seem puzzlingly large. We show that major …

relative cost of trading within borders. The cost of trading across borders therefore appears relatively smaller. This …

We discuss the role of contracting impediments created by the existence of national borders on open economy growth. In …

National borders are a big hurdle to the expansion of the open economy. Integration today remains imperfect because … national borders translate into trading costs, including differences in monetary regimes. Political borders shelter many goods …. Borders are thicker for the small countries than the large countries. Regional trade arrangements have softened or, in some …

National borders reduce trade, but most estimates of the border effect seem puzzlingly large. We show that major …

The importance of the economic borders of the nations is diminishing continuously, and this phenomenon is strongly … linked to regionalization and globalization. We consider that the starting point of the idea that economic borders … borders have acquired a dynamic meaning, exceeding its condition of a past world, little interconnected. …