This paper is an empirical analysis of the impact that different organisational forms of the Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) in Europe have on their licensing activity. Given the great diversity of organization forms prevailing across European TTOs, our paper attempts to shed more light on...

University technology transfer offices (henceforth, TTOs) play a critical role in the diffusion of innovation and the development of new technology infrastructure. Studies of the relative efficiency of TTOs have been based on licensing output measures and data from a single country. In contrast,...

This Paper empirically investigates two important determinants of international activity through wholly owned operations, joint-ventures and licensing, namely country risk and IPRs protection. Using a comprehensive database on investments in chemical plants during the period 1981-96, we show...

According to the Sectoral Systems of Innovation and Production approach, the analysis of a specific sector has to describe its knowledge and technological base, existing complementarities among knowledge, technologies and products, the heterogeneity of agents, their learning processes and...

Using data on U.S. universities, we show that universities that give higher royalty shares to faculty scientists generate greater license income, controlling for university size, academic quality, research funding and other factors. We use pre-sample data on university patenting to control for...

An incumbent monopolist, tries to deter entry and thus never licenses its technology to any potential entrant. This paper, however shows that the monopolist may license in the technology of the entrant that remains out of the market in the pre-licensing stage. Post-licensing, the entrant...

We show how technological leader gains from inviting an entrant into R&D competition to improve over existing patented technology, as the entrant takes complementary R&D effort, and the demand for both current and improved technologies is increasing with aggregate probability for successful...

Although numerous papers have examined the ways in which firms can improve their innovative performance through technology alliances, empirical research on the effect of contract structures in technology licensing has been scarce. This study provides evidence that the payment mechanisms agreed...

We provide a theoretical model which helps to explain the specific role of TTOs. Using a framework where firms have incomplete information on the quality of inventions, we develop a reputation argument for the TTO to reduce the asymmetric information problem. Our results indicate that a TTO is...

In den letzten Jahren ist die Lizenzierung neuer Software- und Elektronikprodukte in Europa und den USA anhand einiger prominenter Fälle intensiv diskutiert worden. So gab die Europäische Kommission Anfang 2011 erst grünes Licht für die Übernahme des Sicherheitssoftware- Herstellers McAfee...