Regions seeking more autonomy aim at making less (or no) fiscal transfers to central governments and at reaching more (or total) control on regional spending. However, decentralization may lead to joint central-regional responsibility that increases regulatory uncertainty regarding the...

Populism is on the rise globally and poses an existential threat to mainstream political parties. Traditional parties may try to debunk the populist rhetoric or fight back using populist tactics. A field experiment during the 2020 referendum in Italy shows that fighting back may be effective....