The traditional Capital Asset Pricing Model stating that the risk premium of a financial asset is positively related to its market risk, was found to be insufficient in explaining the expected returns of stocks. Fama and French (1993) introduced the “Three-Factor Asset Pricing Model” via...

Studies have shown that, under equally-weighted portfolio returns, dividend-yield strategies often exhibit anomalies in U.S. and European markets. However, Fama (1998) argued that long-term abnormal returns would disappear or shrink considerably if value-weighted returns are adopted. This study...

Purpose –The purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of a contrarian investment strategy focusing on frequently traded large-cap US stocks. Previous criticisms that losers’ gains are not due to overreaction but due to their tendency to be thinly traded and smaller-sized firms than...

This study evaluates the ability of the Fama and French Three Factor model to explain a cross section of stock returns in the Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE). Following Fama and French factor approach, we sorted six portfolios by size and book to market. The sorted portfolios were constituted to...

Дано определение маркетинговой устойчивости компании и ее роли на современном этапе развития. Выделены три составляющие маркетинговой устойчивости: рыночная,...