By means of non-linear dynamics, we show that the critical car densities of both the two-dimensional Biham-Middleton-Levine and the green wave traffic models are strictly less than 1/2.

Unlike the conventional case of using cellular automata, we use a system of differential equations to study the self-organized criticality of physical systems. We see that it is not uncommon for some physical quantities, such as power loss, of the system to exhibit 1/f scaling in our new model....

A sufficient condition for which the particle addition operations commute in the eventual phase space of a class of sandpile models with either integral or real local heights are obtained. In case the local heights take on real numbers, the volume of the eventual phase space is found to be...

A punctuated equilibrium model of biological evolution with relative fitness between different species being the fundamental driving force of evolution is introduced. Mutation is modeled as a fitness updating cellular automation process where the change in fitness after mutation follows a...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the way the message source and presence of positive social cues influence the evaluations (attitude toward the corporate social responsibility (CSR) message and company, and word-of-mouth intention to support the campaign) of the decreased use...

This paper exploits a short-lived cooperation program between the U.S.S.R. and China, which led to the construction of 156 “Million-Rouble plants” in the 1950s. We isolate exogenous variation in location decisions due to the relative position of allied and enemy airbases and study the...

Auctions are widely used online to conduct commercial transactions. An important feature of online auctions is that even bidders who intend to buy a single object frequently have the opportunity to bid in sequential auctions selling identical objects. This paper studies key features of the...