We study information geometry of the thermodynamics of first and second order phase transitions, and beyond criticality, in magnetic and liquid systems. We establish a universal microscopic characterization of such phase transitions via a conjectured equality of the correlation lengths ξ in...

In this paper, an accurate experimental investigation of the Mpemba effect (that is, of the fact that initially hot water freezes before the colder one) is carried out, showing that, in the adiabatic cooling of water, relevant roles are played by supercooling, and by phase transitions which take...

The problem of existence of long-range order at or close to the critical point of the quantum phase transition in the disordered antiferromagnet with hidden degrees of freedom is discussed. The influence of the constraint upon hidden degrees of freedom within the renormalization group theory is...

We establish a “Central Limit Theorem” for rank distributions, which provides a detailed characterization and classification of their universal macroscopic statistics and phase transitions. The limit theorem is based on the statistical notion of Lorenz curves, and is termed the “Lorenzian...

We present ellipsometry and interferrometry experiments which allow us to observe the transition point between the standard first-order wetting and the long-range critical wetting. Moreover we provide a direct measurement of the free-energy singularities in the sequential wetting scenario of...

We consider theoretically phase-locking transition of ultra-cold neutral atoms trapped in optical lattice where the system can be realized as the array of individual Bose–Einstein condensates of elongated vertical and horizontal N rods in a wood-pile form. In this geometry every horizontal...

The Ising model in the presence of a random field, drawn from the asymmetric and anisotropic trimodal probability distribution P(hi)=pδ(hi−h0)+qδ(hi+λ∗h0)+rδ(hi), is investigated. The partial probabilities p,q,r take on values within the interval [0,1] consistent with the constraint...

In this paper we present our detailed investigations on the nature of the phase transition in the scalar noise model (SNM) of collective motion. Our results confirm the original findings of Vicsek et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995) 1226] that the disorder–order transition in the SNM is a...

The Leslie–Ericksen coefficients of a thermotropic nematic are determined by using an approximate solution of the Fokker–Planck equation for the one-particle distribution function over orientations of the nematic molecules. The results show that the well-known Doi–Edwards theory of the...

We perform Monte Carlo simulations of a symmetric 1D diffusive epidemic propagation process. The system presents a continuous phase transition between a stationary vacuum state and a steady reactive state. Renormalization group calculations have predicted that the dynamical critical exponent z=2...