Polyelectrolytes are of great importance in different branches of chemistry and biology. DNA is a very good example of a polyelectrolyte of biological relevance. In this paper, we describe DNA solutions in the presence of multivalent salts and amphiphiles. After thermodynamic equilibrium is...

Clan concept has been introduced in multiparticle dynamics in order to interpret the wide occurrence of negative binomial (NB) regularity in n-charged particle multiplicity distributions (MDs) in various high energy collisions.

Adsorption thermodynamics of interacting particles adsorbed on nanotube bundles is studied through a lattice-gas model and Monte Carlo simulations. The adsorbent is modeled as one-dimensional channels of equivalent adsorption sites arranged in a triangular cross-sectional structure. Two kinds of...

A short introduction on topological properties of (regular and random) geometrical sets is presented along with some recent results concerning the behaviour of the Euler–Poincaré characteristic with respect to the (Fortuin–Kasteleyn) random cluster measure.

Daily records of international crude oil prices are studied by means of a Zipf-type analysis. By using simple up-down information on price fluctuations, we have observed phase transitions between symmetric states, where occurrence of up and down fluctuations are almost equal, to anti-symmetric...

In this paper we make a systematic discussion about the magnetocaloric effect of itinerant electron systems with first order transition. For this purpose, we use a microscopical model based in the framework of the band theory of magnetism, including the magnetoelastic interaction. Our...

We present numerical simulations of two-dimensional models of electric breakdown and fracture in disordered systems subject to an increasing external stress. We provide a geometrical characterization of the damage by studying the scaling behavior of connected bonds clusters. The average cluster...

A recent theory that determines the properties of disordered solids as the solid accumulates damage is applied to the special case of fiber bundles with global load sharing and is shown to be exact in this case. The theory postulates that the probability of observing a given emergent damage...

We present the numerical study of the one-dimensional Potts model with power-law decaying ferromagnetic interactions. The largest cluster probability distribution is obtained by Monte Carlo simulations using the Swendsen–Wang cluster algorithm with cumulative probabilities. The finite-size...

This paper outlines the beginnings of a general theory of critical events. Four types are defined. Two are micro-events each affecting a small number of people and are shown to arise in everyday life. Two are macro-events that affect large numbers of people and are related to ‘shocks’ in...