It is shown that the probability density of the reflection coefficient of a semi-infinite array of random slabs undergoes qualitative changes as the parameters of the slabs are varied. Specifically, it is found that the density function changes from a smooth curve with a single peak to a highly...

The statistics of the reflection and transmission coefficients of a two-state Markov medium is analysed using the rod model of the invariant imbedding approach in linear transport theory. The presence of a noise-induced transition in the reflectivity of a semi-infinite medium, as the mean size...

The solution of the time dependent multivelocity Fokker-Planck equation in plane geometry with an absorbing boundary is formulated in terms of the infinite medium Green's function and the boundary distribution. The boundary distribution is to be determined by solving an integral equation. It is...

The Englert–Schwinger model (ESM) is applied to two problems. One is the calculation of zero-temperature equation of state (EOS) of elements within the spherically symmetric Wigner–Sietz cell approximation. The other is to obtain the equilibrium radius of fullerene molecule using March’s...

Schumpeter argued that entrepreneurial finance causes the absorption of innovation in the economy and productivity growth. Previous empirical work, however, reported an insignificant relationship between the primary equity market and economic growth, and suggested exploration of the routes...

This study explores the innovation (NSD) process in hotels. We review the existing NSD models and investigate if they explain the innovation process in hotels both in Canada and the US. Six new services are identified and examined closely. Based on the results we find distinct differences in the...