The merging flow model without a bottleneck is presented to mimic the pedestrian channel flow with a meeting point. Two channel flows in front of the meeting point interact one another when the exit density is higher than the maximal-current density. The distinct phase transition occurs by...

The evolution of cooperation is studied in lattice-structured populations, in which each individual who adopts one of the following strategies ‘always defect’ (ALLD), ‘tit-for-tat’ (TFT), and ‘always cooperate’ (ALLC) plays the repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma game with its neighbors...

First-order phase transition in cubic ice between the low-temperature phase VIII and the high-temperature phase VII is studied in an extended mean-field approximation. It is assumed that the arrangements of four protons around each oxygen satisfy the ice condition rigorously, i.e., there are...

Occurrence of congestion of packet flow in computer networks is one of the unfavorable problems in packet communication and hence its avoidance should be investigated. We use a neural network model for packet routing control in a computer network proposed in a previous paper by Horiguchi and...

We study the freezing transition in the counter flow of pedestrians within the channel numerically and analytically. We present the mean-field approximation (MFA) model for the pedestrian counter flow. The model is described in terms of a couple of nonlinear difference equations. The...

We present an exact theory of the linear and nonlinear response of inhomogeneous media based on a fully multipolar approach. The theory considers parallel-plate or substrate configurations, appropriately including all image multipoles. The theory applies to inclusions of arbitrary structure and...