The heterogeneities of production technology among provinces in China cause difficulties for unbiased evaluation of energy efficiency. Using meta-frontier data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, this paper proposes a new method for measuring energy efficiency by considering the “technology...

Waste cooking oil to biodiesel conversion efficiency depends on the recycling mode that is being practiced. The recycling modes in China, the US and Japan can be placed in two categories: third party take-back (TPT) and the biodiesel enterprise take-back (BET). We review the operation mechanisms...