The adoption of Directive 2013/34/EU constitutes the materialization of a modernization process of the Directive 78/660/EEC and Directive 83/349/EEC that has started in 2009. The new accounting directive replaces the two accounting directives and sets the requirements for both individual and...

This study investigates the effect of the balance sheet approach, where financial reporting focuses on asset and liability valuation, on the usefulness of the capital adequacy ratio in the evaluation of bank default risk by credit rating agencies. We examine Japanese banks, which play the...

Companies have used off balance sheet (OBS hereafter) arrangements responsibly, and irresponsibly, for some time (Wayman, 2002). These sorts of transactions were permissible under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and tax laws so that companies could finance business ventures by...

Bank loan covenants are restrictions that require stated levels of performance by borrowers, and are often measured by standard financial ratios. The research on loan covenants has assumed that these measures are useful, providing information to lenders as to the viability of borrowers. This...

A topic of recent interest in accounting research has been the investigation of the role of fair value accounting (FVA) in the global financial crisis. This research focused on finding a link during the crisis time-period and often states that “accounting is only a messenger”. The model...

Special economic zones (SEZ) can play an integral role in enhancing both regional and national economic growth. To explore the relationship between regional growth and the presence of an SEZ in Songkhla province, Thailand, the CD Vine-Copula AutoRegressive (CD-Vine COPAR) models were constructed...

Eine von Die Grünen/EFA in Auftrag gegebene Studie kommt basierend auf handelsrechtlichen Einzelabschlüssen zum Ergebnis, deutsche Kapitalgesellschaften würden durch erfolgreiche Steuergestaltungen lediglich rund 20 % anstelle der gesetzlich geforderten 30 % an Steuern zahlen. Diese...

The main purpose of the paper is to analyse some features regarding economic and financial communication in Italian family companies. This is a theoretical essay focuses on to point out the new role played by balance sheet as a public document which carries all information needed by players...

This report presents three components of annual financial statements - BalanceSheet, Profit and Loss Statement and Statement of Cash Flows - in terms of national andinternational accounting regulations as a source of information and presentation of thecompany. Also, through the comparative...