-standing pattern that university participation rates are highest among youths from high-income families and of highly educated parents … difference in participation rates among youths from modest-income (below $75,000) and low-income families. Overall, the … background, namely parental income and parental education changed between 1993 and 2001. The results support a long …

experiencing higher income levels than earlier cohorts, largely because of higher private pensions. Replacement rates have changed … poverty. However, the extent to which the pension system enables individuals and families to maintain living standards … achieved during their working years after retirement (income security) is less well understood. To help fill this knowledge gap …

/losses) in family market income that were observed during that period between families in the bottom tertile and those in the top … income instability varies across segments of the (family-level) earnings distribution. We uncover four key patterns. First …, among the subset of families who were intact over the 1982-1991 and 1992-2001 periods, family earnings instability changed …

We examine the evolution of low-paid work and the position of economically vulnerable families in Canada over the last … earnings improved between the 1980s and the 1990s. Of all full-time employees, 5% were low-paid and lived in low income … families in 1980 and 2000. In 2000, individuals with no high school diploma, recent immigrants, unattached individuals, lone …

In this paper, we revisit trends in low-income among Canadian children by taking advantage of recent developments in … the measurement of low-income intensity. We focus in particular on the Sen-Shorrocks-Thon (SST) index and its elaboration … by Osberg and Xu. Low-income intensity declined in the 1980s but rose in the 1990s. Declining earnings put upward …

growing inequality in Canadian families preparedness for retirement implies that that the distribution of family income among …We analyze the degree to which Canadian families are covered by private pension plans and document how their savings … decades. We find that two-parent families, lone-parent families and other individuals located in the bottom quintile of the …