This article discusses an important, yet understudied threat to patent, as well as other intellectual property sovereignty under TRIPS: pending and potential challenges by companies under international agreements protecting investments. Although such agreements have existed for decades, Philip...

This paper discusses the development and effectiveness of Patent Box regimes jurisdictionally and over time. The author follows with an analysis of under what conditions a Patent Box regime would fit within United States fiscal policy

In an effort to understand the benefits of innovation on companies' growth and value, it becomes apparent that there is considerable tension between the benefit of R&D investment to society and the cost in financial terms to companies with regards to R&D spending as well as the acquisition of...

Collective management of copyright on musical works and audio-video products in China had a late start in relation to the global pace. There are currently five collective management organisations (CMOs) in China, with the Musical Copyright Society of China for musical works and the China...

The traditional practice of intercepting posts and telegrams was extended to telephony, both wire-tapping and call-logging, at a time of little regard for privacy and with minimal transparency. It was the introduction of competition, particularly non-state operators, that required codification...

Little is known about the impact of standards on the economic development of countries which are latecomers to industrial manufacturing and innovation. Standardization is regarded primarily as a technical issue, and hence receives only limited high-level policy support. However, technical...

Competitors embroiled in a patent dispute always prefer to preserve and share monopoly profits, even if the patent is likely invalid. Antitrust has come to embrace a policy that requires horizontal settlements to be "proportional" in the sense that their anticompetitive effects are commensurate...

How do innovative firms react when existing products experience negative shocks? We explore this question with detailed project-level data from drug development firms. Using FDA Public Health Advisories as idiosyncratic negative shocks to approved drugs, we first examine how drug makers react...

When rivals settle a patent dispute, they prefer to preserve the full monopoly profit, even if the patent is very likely invalid. The literature advocates comparing settlement outcomes to the expected result of litigation, but has not identified a comprehensive means of doing this. We show that...

Scientific and technological innovations by scientists are critical to the long-term economic health of the U.S. However, anecdotal evidence from space exploration, high energy physics and biotechnology suggests that the U.S. might no longer be able to retain or attract such talent at previous...