This paper is a first attempt at differentiating the problems of finance of the privately held small businesses from …

unconstrained in both product and factor markets, finance has been widely identified as a potential constraint on entrepreneurial … activity due to either debt or equity gaps. However, in terms of externally supplied finance, it is arguably the availability … with the provision of debt finance, the nature of the relationship between bank and entrepreneur can be of considerable …

firm finance. Specifically, I present web pages that focus on general entrepreneurial issues and different avenues for …

External finance is central for nascent entrepreneurs, people in the process of starting new ventures. We argue that … increase the likelihood of obtaining equity finance. Thus, if signals are credible, innovation positively impacts external … that the relation between finance and innovation depends on the stage of a start-up lifecycle. …

recent firm level database. We pay particular attention to the impact of domestic access to finance. Our results show that … engage in own R&D or if they have good access to domestic finance. However, access to finance only plays a role for private … little significance for SOEs and is also independent of their access to finance. By contrast, it is an important channel …