This book surveys the competing, or sometimes complementary, roles of the state and the market in shaping China’s pattern of regional development during the Communist era.

This paper pinpoints "circular and cumulative causation" as the fundamental mechanism driving the observed trend of uneven industrial development in the Chinese economy. A shift-share analysis of manufacturing performance at the provincial level identifies five provinces in Southeast China -...

This paper investigates the inequality of opportunity in China's labor earnings, defined as the component of inequality determined by personal circumstances that lie beyond the control of an individual, of which gender is one, as opposed to the component determined by personal efforts. Using the...