Since the mid 70's, new forms of organizations have emerged in networks industries. The main purpose for changes is to find out a model wich enables the best efficiency in industries wich are not fully ruled by competition. This paper deals with the organization of electricity and natural gas...

Global warming reveals that the current evolution of the world consumption is on an unsustainable path. Humankind's insatiable appetite for energy has sparked a new crisis. In a world where climate change has become a proven reality, there lies a deep uncertainty about the physical, economic and...

The liberalization of electricity and gas markets clashes against the French economic culture that relies on the state and public monopolies to supply many public services. This explains the resistance against the market opening imposed by EU directives. Nevertheless, the liberalization has had...