Irrigation equity leads to overall socio economic development in an irrigation project. Uneven distribution of water among farmers caused social unsets as well as agriculture migration. The situation becomes more acute when no scientific water distribution policy adopted by the irrigation...

The Philippine duck industry is dominated by smallholder production. At present, about 99 percent of the demand for duck products is met by domestic production. However, it is envisaged that as trade liberalisation continues, the Philippine duck industry will face increasing competition from...

In recent times, use of market-based instruments to facilitate enhanced protection or production of ecosystem services has achieved a high public profile. However, much work remains to apply these tools in practice. Particular issues include definition and measurement of ecosystem services,...

In New Zealand, the Animal Products Act 1999 requires all animal product processing businesses to have a HACCP-based risk management program by the end of 2002. This paper attempts to measure the effects of such regulation on the variable cost of production of the New Zealand seafood industry....

We analyze the effects of trade liberalization on environmental policies in a strategic setting when there is transboundary pollution. Trade liberalization can result in a race to the bottom in environmental taxes, which makes both countries worse. This is not due to the terms of trade motive,...

"Clean and safe" agricultural products are an important issue among consumers, farmers and governments. Many developing countries develop their produce at various points along the ‘clean’ continuum based on production practices related to use of synthetic chemicals. Organic farming is...

Aquaculture production in Australia is subject to an unnecessarily complex array of legislation and agencies - covering environmental protection, land use planning, marine and coastal management, land tenure, and quarantine and translocation. Unwarranted, or poorly developed and implemented,...

Finland has launched a new policy programme to encourage conservation of forest biodiversity, based on economic incentives and voluntarism on the part of non-industrial private forest owners. This study examined the factors that affect the acceptability of biodiversity conservation contracts and...

Often sensitive industries such as those dependent on agricultural resources are left out of FTAs. On the other hand, FTAs can bring in specific non-WTO aspects like competition policy to facilitate trade. In this paper, the development of the AANZFTA is analysed within a framework...