Computer networking and internet developments create new challenges in information security and copyright protection. In order to protect the multimedia data and also in some cases, for information management, the authors can use watermarking schemes to achieve more security. In this article,...

Since the Three-North Shelter Forest Program was launched in 1978, more than 3.0×105ha of Mongolian pine (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, MP) plantations have been introduced to control erosion in sandy areas. However, MP plantations in the earliest introduction area (Zhanggutai region in...

What Is a Decision Problem? Designing Alternatives -- MCDA Approaches for Efficient Strategic Decision Making -- Collaborative Decision Making for Small Groups utilizing UTA Methods -- Disaggregation Approaches for Multicriteria Classification: An Overview -- Multiple Criteria Approaches for...