Contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Old Assumptions, New Realities - Marcia K. Meyers, Robert D. Plotnick, and Jennifer Romich -- Part I. Policies to Increase Economic Security in the Twenty-First Century -- Chapter 2. Working Families at Risk: Understanding and...

The 2021 Child Tax Credit (CTC) expansion increased government benefits to families, and especially to families with the lowest incomes. Economic theory predicts that this policy intervention would have led to a reduction in labor supply among adults in those families. Our review of available...

Social Protection strategies aim to build resilience against various shocks and risks. Adaptive social protection incorporates shock responsiveness to foster adaptive capacity through preparedness, coping mechanisms, and adaptation strategies. Safety nets and universal child benefits are...

We formalize and estimate the dynamic marginal efficiency cost of redistribution (MECR) in the spirit of Okun’s “leaky bucket” to compare the MECR of an income-contingent childcare subsidy program and of the income-contingent tax and transfer schedule. We set up a dynamic structural model...

In-work support through the tax-benefit system has proved to be an effective way of increasing the labor supply of lone mothers and first earners in couples in a number of OECD countries. At the same time, these instruments usually create negative employment incentives for secondary earners....